Two common methods in international shipping are:
For international shipping, there are also different methods, including air, sea, road, rail and combined transport. Choosing the right method depends on the cost, distance, type of goods and other important factors.
Sea freight is more economical for high volumes of goods and long distances, while air freight is suitable for faster delivery times and sensitive goods. Road transport is useful for shorter distances and easier access to different points, and rail transport can be cost-effective for transporting heavy and bulky goods within continents. Also, it is important to consider international rules and regulations such as Incoterms.
Agreement on International Road Transport (CMR): This agreement was created under the international regulations for the carriage of goods by road by the IRU organization and in order to secure the interests and rights of those involved in road transport and to standardize the conditions governing the international carriage of goods. Created.
Incoterms rules and regulations: This set of rules and regulations of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) is used for the terms of delivery of goods in international transactions.
Dangerous Goods Regulations (ADR): These regulations determine the conditions for the safe and secure transportation of goods such as chemicals, toxic substances and explosive substances.
Carne Tir Agreement: This document is issued under the international regulations for transporting goods by road. In this agreement, the conditions governing the transit of goods from the territory of each country are determined.
Train timing accuracy is very important in international rail transportation and is considered as one of the key measures of service quality. In order to optimally utilize the capacity of the existing rail infrastructure, trains should be scheduled in the most compact way possible while maintaining operational conditions to minimize the time occupied by the rail track. In this regard, various optimization and simulation models have been developed to increase the accuracy of train timing. These models help to better manage the departure and stopping times of trains, and as a result, lead to increasing timing accuracy and reducing delays.
This type of transportation accounts for more than 90% of the volume of goods transit globally and is known as one of the most profitable and cost-effective methods of transportation due to the ability to carry a large volume and quantity of goods at low costs.
International air freight is recommended when the speed of goods transfer is of great importance. This method is suitable for goods that have a high value or need to reach their destination quickly. Cargo planes usually have a wider body, more wheels, and larger doors to handle large amounts of cargo.
Combined transportation is a method in which at least two different types of vehicles are used to transport cargo. It includes the simultaneous use of a ship, train, truck, or plane to transport cargo from an origin to a destination and is done in order to facilitate the movement of cargo, that is, to make the shipment faster and more efficient. The advantages of combined transportation include: reducing costs – reducing delivery time – protecting goods – reducing environmental pollution.
Goods entering or leaving the customs territory are subject to customs procedures and controls. This includes regular or random inspections, the use of modern inspection equipment and methods, and audit-based methods. Also, goods that are transferred from one customs to another, whether they are within the country or between countries, are under customs supervision.
Dangerous goods refer to goods that can cause risks during transportation due to their special characteristics. These goods need to comply with special regulations and standards in the field of packaging, labeling, accompanying documents and related documents. Dangerous goods are divided into 9 different classes based on the International Transport of Dangerous Goods (UNDG) code, and each commodity is assigned a UN code number based on its possible risks, which determines how to pack, transport and related safety measures.
To start exporting without initial capital, you can use methods such as direct export, indirect export, or export through intermediaries.Also, some countries have support programs that help new exporters to start the export process by using government facilities and assistance.
To start importing, you must first familiarize yourself with the import procedures and rules. This includes knowledge about foreign purchases, customs laws, international payment methods, international insurance and customs clearance. Also, it is necessary to be familiar with import systems and licensing processes for importing goods. This information will help you to start the import process properly and successfully.
To become a member of the trade association of international transport companies of Iran, it is usually necessary to register on the association’s website and provide documents and information. This process can include completing registration forms, providing legal authorizations and authentication. Also, trade associations may have specific conditions for accepting members, such as having a relevant business license, work experience in the field of transportation, or other requirements related to the association’s field of activity. For more detailed information and necessary steps, it is better to visit the official website of the association or contact the office of the association to get the necessary guidance.
This topic examines how the intensity of transportation and urbanization affects economic growth and the amount of carbon dioxide production and its importance in sustainable development and environmental management. The answers and findings of different articles can be different, but they often emphasize the importance of balance between transportation development and environmental protection. For a more detailed study and more information, you can refer to authoritative scientific articles in this field.
“FOB” stands for “Free On Board” and means the cost of shipping the goods from the point of origin to the place of loading (usually a port). In this case, the shipping cost until the time of loading is borne by the seller.به طور کلی، در زمینه بازرگانی و تجارت، اصطلاحات و اصطلاحهای مختلفی وجود دارند که برای توضیح و تفهیم بهتر معانی آنها میتوان از این سوال استفاده کرد.
The price of international transportation of goods is influenced by several factors:
In general, determining the price of international shipping is a complex process that requires consideration of these factors and various conditions.
Incoterms is a set of international trade terms defined with the primary purpose of clarifying the rights, obligations, costs and risks associated with the transportation, delivery of goods and other responsibilities around the world. These terms help traders and businesses to better understand the issues related to transportation in international transactions, from the acceptance of the product to its delivery.
Customs tariff or commodity tariff are taxes and duties that governments levy on imported or exported goods for protective, financial or a combination of reasons. This receipt is also known as Customs Duties. Customs tariff may be charged based on the value of the goods, in which case it is called ad valorem tariff and is calculated and charged in different ways.
TIR Carnet is a customs document that is issued for the international transit of goods within the framework of the TIR Convention in the country of origin. This document allows the goods to pass through the territory of the transit countries in a sealed form, and there will be no need to perform customs formalities related to transit at the entry and exit borders of these countries until the destination according to their internal laws. This document has been compiled in order to facilitate international transportation, reduce customs duties and possible damages and prevent them in international transit.
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Setare Jahanro Arya International Transport Company, specialized in the transportation and transit of all kinds of goods to all parts of the world and vice versa in the form of air, road, sea and rail lines, with experienced staff and active agencies in all CIS countries, Turkey and European countries, has representation in all customs, entry points, exit points and ports of Iran and has a transport fleet in sync with the current European standards (EURO6).
